According to a recent analysis, the value of global agricultural trade is estimated to have exceeded $2 trillion US dollars. Based on a 2024 World Trade Organization (WTO) report on food products, the United States ($114.6 billion), the United Kingdom ($63.4 billion) and Germany ($45.4 billion) made up the top three of the largest food exporters by value. Other reports also rank the United States, Brazil and the Netherlands as the top exporters in 2025, reflecting different

Welcome to this week's edition of Uzbekistan Air Cargo Notes, the first and only newsletter focusing on the latest news and insights into the dynamic air cargo market of Uzbekistan and Central Asia. This week, we are reporting on Tashkent Airport upgrading its arrivals area, Namangan Airport building new terminals and more.

Imagine a life-saving vaccine or a critical medicine becoming useless before it ever reaches the person who needs it. This isn't just a hypothetical problem, it's a daily reality in the pharmaceutical supply chain. When a product isn't handled correctly, even a small change in temperature or a bump during shipping can make it ineffective or even dangerous. This isn't just a financial loss, it poses a direct and serious risk to human health. This is where pharmaceutical logis

Incoterms® (International Commercial Terms) are international terms of trade that govern the responsibilities of the parties to a contract when importing and exporting goods. Incoterms® are published by the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC). The first Incoterms® rules were introduced in 1936. Ever since, the ICC maintains and develops the rules, the latest publication being Incoterms® 2020. Scope and Limitations of Incoterms Incoterms® enjoy worldwide acceptance a

Welcome to this week's edition of Uzbekistan Air Cargo Notes, the first and only newsletter focusing on the latest news and insights into the dynamic air cargo market of Uzbekistan and Central Asia. This week, we are reporting on Tashkent Airport upgrading its arrivals area, Namangan Airport building new terminals and more.

In international transport and freight forwarding, liability refers to the legal responsibility of a carrier or agent to compensate shippers or customers for cargo loss, damage or delays when contractual obligations are not fulfilled. However, a freight forwarder’s liability is not unlimited. It is regulated by international conventions, transport regulations and local laws that set clear limits on compensation. These liability limitations are designed to create balance acros